Research

As the national university, we champion and support innovative research that addresses the country’s most pressing challenges.

04 Feb 2025

UP Diliman

Switching jeepneys to Euro-4 engines can significantly reduce air pollution and improve public health

In the Philippines, new rules require public vehicles, like jeepneys, to use Euro-4 diesel engines, which are cleaner and more...

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04 Feb 2025

UP Diliman

The rising frequency of toxic algal blooms in the Philippines and Malaysia could be linked to climate change

Our study explores the growth of toxic algal blooms in the waters near the Philippines and Malaysia, countries with coastal...

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03 Feb 2025

UP Los Baños

Ang pagbibiro ni Duterte tungkol sa kaniyang phallus ay walang matibay na kahulugan sa loob at labas ng Pilipinas

Mula sa dalawang pahayag ni Rodrigo Duterte hinggil sa kaniyang aring lalagpas sa pusod (2019) at kaniyang sariling pagpapakahulugan sa...

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30 Jan 2025

UP Diliman

Analysis of Philippine High Court decisions on free speech, religious freedom and environmental rights reveals court’s role in transjudicial dialogue

This paper explores the causes of transjudicial conversation phenomenon on human rights norms in the context of the Philippine Supreme...

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23 Jan 2025

UP Diliman

The “Churning of the Sea of Milk” focuses on a traumatic history, climate damage and efforts to preserve cultural heritage

“The Churning of the Sea of Milk” is a story of a young Filipino scholar who is backpacking in Siem...

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22 Jan 2025

UP Manila

Women experienced higher levels of psychological distress than men during the Covid-19 pandemic

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had a deleterious impact on human health since its beginning in 2019. The purpose of this...

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21 Jan 2025

UP Diliman

Adolescents tend to focus on photos and facial features when judging strangers’ trustworthiness on social media

In our social interactions, we make quick and fairly accurate impressions of other people. Of great importance is identifying who...

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20 Jan 2025

UP Los Baños

The novel Gerilya demonstrates how literature can help us understand political struggles

In this article, I analyze Norman Wilwayco’s award-winning novel Gerilya (2008) and its representation of the revolution. I argue that...

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15 Jan 2025

UP Diliman

Using a multimodal approach in teaching literacy to Deaf college students enhances their comprehension

This study explored the perceptions of five Deaf college students regarding the use of a multimodal approach in teaching literacy....

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12 Dec 2024

UP Diliman, UP Manila

A virtual reality therapy game for persons with dementia in the Philippines was developed and tested

Immersive technologies such as virtual reality (VR) had rapidly gained interest as part of the technological evolution in healthcare. Because...

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06 Dec 2024

UP Cebu

The Philippines may have limited engagement with cause-and-effect concepts in social sciences

This paper examines the role of causal inference in the on-going methodological debate in political science research. Here, we critically...

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05 Dec 2024

UP Diliman

Advising in Language Learning complements the Flipped Classroom in teaching foreign language

The Flipped Classroom Approach is a novel methodology used in language learning. In this set-up, students are tasked to study...

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Research

We investigated a peak signal around MeV in the invariant mass spectrum, which has intrigued physicists as a potential candidate for a pentaquark, an exotic hadron yet to be fully understood or categorized. Despite numerous studies, there is no consensus on the signal’s quantum properties or its physical interpretation. To address this, we adopted a novel approach combining lineshape pole analysis and machine learning. Using a carefully prepared dataset, we trained a neural network to study the signal’s shape and identify its underlying structure. This approach minimized bias and included often-overlooked effects, making the analysis more robust. Our model suggests, with 79% accuracy, that the signal arises from three key components, known as “poles,” which describe its nature. This is the first report of such a structure for this signal and aligns with a theoretical hybrid model proposed in 2017. These findings offer a new perspective on the signal,using the three-pole structure as a foundation for future studies. While not definitive proof, our work highlights the promise of machine learning in advancing hadron physics. By demonstrating the potential of machine learning to uncover complex structures in experimental data, this study opens new avenues for investigating other unresolved phenomena and refining our understanding of the subatomic world.

Classifying signal enhancements near energy thresholds in invariant mass distributions is a complex task, often requiring extensive experimental data for unambiguous interpretation. These enhancements may correspond to a resonance, a quasi-bound state, a virtual state, or merely a manifestation of a singularity. In 2019, the pentaquark candidate was studied extensively and assigned various interpretations and quantum numbers. However, these interpretations, sometimes conflicting, could still fit the experimental data. Resolving this ambiguity typically involves identifying the signal in other interactions—a process that is costly in terms of finances, time, and human resources.

Our work provides an alternative approach to analyzing the 4312 signal. We employed deep neural networks and machine learning techniques to classify the pole structure of . The pole structure of a signal is a strong indicator of its true nature. In this study, we trained a neural network model using line shape amplitudes constructed solely from the first principles of the S-matrix. This approach ensured that the training dataset was minimally biased. Subsequently, we bootstrapped the experimental data and applied the trained model to determine the pole structure of the 4312 signal.

Our results present the first evidence of a three-pole structure for the signal, with an accuracy of 79%. This finding aligns with a general hybrid model proposed in 2017. While our results are not definitive, they demonstrate the potential and efficacy of machine learning in analyzing line shape amplitudes. This underscores the need for further development of our methodology. Moreover, our findings could serve as the foundation for a new dynamical model to explain the 4312 signal.

Authors: Leonarc Michelle Santos, Vince Angelo A. Chavez and Denny Lane B. Sombillo (National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines Diliman)

Read the full paper: https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/ad8ee3